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ACCESSORIAL CHARGE - A charge assessed in
addition to ocean freight (charges), i.e., stuffing charges,
loose cargo charge, terminal charges. |
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AD VALOREM - Latin for "According to the
value". When a shipper wishes to increase the liability of a
carrier beyond the liability stated in the terms of the bill of
lading, he places the actual value of the cargo in block 23 of
the bill of lading. The carrier is then liable for the value of
the cargo and charges a higher rate accordingly based on the
value. |
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AGENT - One who negotiates contracts, or
acts in the legal capacity of another party. |
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ALTERNATE PORT - Port offered by service
where the vessel does not physically call. The cargo will be
trucked or railed to or from the load or discharge port. The
truck or rail portion is at the expense of carrier. |
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ARRIVAL NOTICE - A document sent to a
consignee or their agent by a carrier informing them that a
shipment has arrived. |
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BILL OF LADING - A
document signed by the agents or owners of a vessel, furnishing
written evidence for the conveyance and delivery of merchandise
sent by sea to a certain destination. It is both a receipt for
merchandise and a contract to deliver it as freight. |
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BONDED GOODS - Dutiable goods, upon which
excise duty has not been paid, i.e., goods in transit or
warehoused pending use. The bond is the agreement entered into
by the owner of the dutiable goods with Customs and the excise
authority in which the owner promises to pay the duty when the
goods are released for final distribution or use. |
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BOOKING - Arrangements made by a shipper or
forwarder with the carrier to reserve space on a vessel for the
carriage of cargo. |
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BREAKBULK CARGO - General cargo
conventionally stevedored and stowed as opposed to bulk,
unitized, or containerized cargo. |
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BROKER - One who arranges transportation
and/or clearing of cargo without actually performing the
transportation |
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CARRIER - An individual,
company, or corporation engaged in the transportation of goods. |
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CHASSIS - Special trailer or undercarriage
on which containers are moved over-the-road. |
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CLEAN BILL OF LADING - A bill of lading
issued by the carrier on which no exceptions have been noted
concerning the packaging or condition of the cargo in whole or
in part. |
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COMMODITY - Type of article shipped. |
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CONFERENCE - An association of steamship
carriers operating within the same specific trade route who have
joined together to set rates and rules to be adhered to by all
members. |
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CONSIGNEE - The individual or firm receiving
shipped goods; often the owner of the cargo, when purchase is
made FOB, country of export. |
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CONSIGNOR - The individual or firm shipping
the goods. More commonly referred to as the shipper. |
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CONSOLIDATED CARGO - Cargo, consisting of
shipments from two or more shippers, usually shipped by a firm
called a consolidator. These shipments are made by the
consolidator to take advantage of lower FCL rates; parts of
these savings are usually passed on to the shipper. |
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CONNECTING CARRIER - A carrier who has a
direct connection with another carrier, under which freight is
moved in joint-line service. |
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CONTAINER - A single, rigid, non-disposable
dry cargo, ventilated, insulated, reefer, flat rack, vehicle
rack, or open top container; with or without wheels or bogies
attached; not less than 20 feet in length; having a closure or
permanently-hinged door that allows ready access to the cargo.
All types of containers will have construction and fittings,
able to withstand, without permanent distortion, all the
stresses that may be applied in normal use during continuous
transportation. An ISO container is constructed to the
specifications of the International Standards Organization. |
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CONTAINER FREIGHT STATION (CFS) - The
physical facility where goods are received by carrier for
loading into containers or unloading from containers and where
carrier may assemble, hold, or store its containers or
trailers. |
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CONTRABAND - Cargo which is prohibited by
law. |
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CURRENCY ADJUSTMENT FACTOR - A percentage
charge applied against the freight that adjusts the rate to
account for a change in the valuation of the currency. |
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CUSTOMS - A Government authority designated
to regulate the flow of goods to and from a country and to
collect duties levied by a country on imports and or exports. |
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CY - Container Yard |
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CY/CY - Full container load with cargo to be
packed therein and unpacked there from at the shipper's elected
point or place and at shipper's expense. |
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DEMURRAGE - Penalty
charged shippers by receivers of freight usually at a stated sum
per day for detention beyond the free time provided for loading
or unloading. |
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DETENTION - Compensation assessed against a
shipper for the delayed return of carrier's equipment beyond
allowable free time. This is usually equipment picked up by the
shipper at the load port for the purpose of stuffing the
container for shipment and held at the shipper's plant or
warehouse for an excessive period of time. Detention charges may
also be assessed against the consignee who fails to return
stripped containers to the carriers within allowable free time. |
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DOCK RECEIPT - A receipt given for a
shipment received or delivered at a pier or dock. When delivery
of a foreign shipment is completed, the dock receipt is
surrendered to the transportation line and a Bill of Lading is
issued. |
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DOCUMENTATION CHARGE - Fee charged
shipper/consignee when the Bill of Lading is prepared by the
carrier. |
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DOOR TO DOOR - A container fully loaded by
the shipper is delivered intact to the consignee. |
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DRAYAGE - Charge assessed for local hauling
of cargo. |
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EDI - Electronic Data
Interchange. |
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EIR - Equipment Interchange Report - A
document executed by a truck carrier and a terminal transferring
possession of a container or chassis from one to the other, and
showing equipment condition at time of transfer. |
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FAK - Freight of all
kinds. Usually refers to consolidated cargo. |
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FCL/FCL - Same as CY/CY. Full container load
with cargo to be packed therein and unpacked there from at the
shipper's elected point or place and at shipper's expense. |
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FEU - Forty-foot equivalent unit. A term
used in indicating container vessel or terminal capacity. Two
20-foot containers equal one FEU. |
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FREE ON BOARD (F.O.B) - The goods are placed
on board a ship by the seller at a port of shipment named in the
sales contract. The risk of loss or damage to the goods is
transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the
ship's rail. |
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HEAVY LIFT CHARGE - A
charge assessed in addition to ocean freight charges when cargo
is too heavy to be handled by normal means, necessitating the
use of special cranes. |
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HOUSE TO HOUSE - Same as door-to-door. A
container fully loaded by the shipper is delivered intact to the
consignee. |
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HOUSE TO PIER - A type of service where a
container is stuffed by the shipper's facility and stripped at
the carrier's facility. |
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IN BOND -Term applied to
the status of merchandise admitted provisionally to a country
without payment of duties either for storage in a bonded
warehouse or for transshipment to another point where duties
will eventually be imposed and paid. |
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INTERMODAL - Used to denote ability of
containers to change mode of transport from rail to truck to
ship, in any order. |
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ORGANIZATION (ISO) -
Worldwide organization formed to promote development of
standards to facilitate the international carriage and exchange
of goods and service and to develop mutual cooperation in the
spheres of intellectual, scientific, technological, and economic
activities. |
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INVOICE - A commercial document in a form
consistent with the trade identifying both buyer and seller,
reflecting the price actually paid or payable, the terms of
sale, the currency used for payment, the articles sold, and
other specific information required for duty assessment
purposes. |
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KILOGRAM - 2.2046 pounds
- commonly referred to as kilo (KG). |
|
LCL/FCL - Same as CFS/CY. Full container
loads stuffed and stripped at the carrier's expense. |
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LETTER OF CREDIT - A letter of agreement
issued by a bank stating that a purchaser has established a line
of credit in the seller's favor and confirming that payment will
be made upon presentation of certain documents, provided that
all documents are in agreement with the provisions of the letter
of credit. |
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LIFT ON/LIFT OFF (LOLO) - Cargo loaded or
unloaded by either ship or shore cranes. |
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LOGISTICS - The management of both inbound
and outbound materials, parts, supplies, and finished goods.
Includes such activities as; production scheduling, forecasting,
customer service, order entry, inventory control, and product
allocation among customers. |
|
MARKS & NUMBERS - Marks and/or numbers
placed on cargo to identify the shipper, forwarder, and
destination; marks to identify the cargo during sorting. |
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NVOCC (Non-vessel
Operating Common Carrier) - A carrier defined by maritime law,
offering an international cargo transport service through the
use of underlying carriers and under one's own rate structure in
accordance with tariffs. |
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NIT - Not In Trailer |
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NOS - Not Otherwise Specified - A term used
to indicate a lack of a specific named commodity in a tariff or
in the regulations governing the carriage of hazardous cargo. |
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PACKING LIST - Usually
issued in conjunction with a suppliers invoice detailing the
types of merchandise ,size and quantity per shipping unit. |
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PAID BY AGENT - A charge on the bill of
lading that a carrier collects for a freight forwarder and,
hence, reimburses him. |
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PHYTOSANITARY INSPECTION CERTIFICATE - A
certificate issued by the US Department of Agriculture to
satisfy import regulations of foreign countries indicating that
a U.S. shipment has been inspected and is free from harmful
pests and plant diseases. |
|
PIER - The location in a seaport at which
cargo arrives or departs. A dock for loading or unloading ships
or vessels. A type of wharf running at an angle with the
shoreline of a body of water. |
|
PIER TO HOUSE - A container loaded at the
carrier's facility and delivered fully intact to the consignee. |
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PIER TO PIER - A container that is stuffed
at the carrier's facility and stripped at the destination by the
carrier's facility. |
|
RAMP - Railroad term
used to describe an intermodal terminal. |
|
ROLL ON/ROLL OFF (RORO) - Direct drive-on
and drive-off of highway trailers, railcars, and other wheeled
cargo or vehicles, from and to specially adapted ships. |
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SCHEDULE B - Refers to
schedule B statistical classification of domestic and foreign
commodities exported from the United States. |
|
SEAL - An individually numbered metal,
plastic, or wire strip used to seal the doors of a container for
security or Customs purposes. |
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SHIPPER'S EXPORT DECLARATION - A form
required by the Treasury Department and completed by the shipper
or the US Principle Party of Interest (USPPI) showing the value,
weight, consignee, destination, etc of export shipments as well
as the Schedule B identification number |
|
SHIPPERS’S LOAD AND COUNT (SLAC) - Standard
bill of lading and manifest clause used when containerized cargo
is loaded and sealed by the shipper and the piece count in the
container is not checked or otherwise verified by the carrier. |
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SHORTSHIPPED - A shipment which was
originally scheduled for a particular vessel/voyage however, did
not make the vessel. |
|
SHUTOUT - Cargo short shipped by the carrier
due to lack of space on the vessel, usually due to overbooking. |
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SPLIT SHIPMENT - Multiple container load
shipment booked for one vessel but split and moved on one or
more vessels. |
|
STEVEDORE - Individual or firm employing
longshoremen for the purpose of loading and unloading a vessel.
individual or firm employing longshoremen for the purpose of
loading and unloading a vessel. |
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STOWAGE PLAN - Diagrammatic sketch of vessel
showing location of cargo as stowed in the vessel's hold(s). |
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STRAIGHT BILL OF LADING - A non-negotiable
transportation receipt that directs the carrier to deliver the
shipment to any authorized person at the destination point. Such
bills of lading must bear the clause 'straight bill of lading-
not negotiable'. |
|
STRIPPING - A term often used to denote the
process of removing cargo from a container. |
|
STUFFING - A term often used to denote the
process of loading cargo into a container. |
|
TARE WEIGHT - The weight
of an empty container. |
|
TARIFF - A list of rates, additional
charges, regulations, and requirements of a carrier, port, or
conference. Ocean tariffs are regulated by the Federal Maritime
Commission. Inland tariffs, as well as ocean tariffs to / from
Puerto Rico / U.S. Virgin Islands are regulated by the Surface
Transportation Board. |
|
TERMINAL - 1. A berth side area where cargo
is loaded to and discharged from vessels. 2. A depot - usually
inland - where containers are brought for stripping/storage. |
|
TEU - Twenty-foot equivalent unit. The
common unit used in indicating the capacity of a container
vessel or terminal. A 40-foot container is equal to two TEU's. |
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TRANSIT TIME - A time period for cargo to
move between two points (i.e., from shipper to consignee) |
|
WHARFAGE - A charge
assessed by a pier or dock owner for handling incoming or
outgoing cargo. |
